Cuban Revolution essays

Cuban Revolution papers The Cuban Revolution of the 1950s was a major piece of history in the twentieth century. Cuba was the principal Latin American nation to begin a socialist style of government, the first to conflict with the United States of America and the first to align with the Soviet Union. The fundamental chief of this insurgency was Fidel Castro, who is as yet the pioneer of Cuba today. The report of have picked as the reason for my paper is the, Creeping Revolt, this article was distributed January 7, 1957 by Time magazine. It was distributed right around the time in which Fidel Castro and his gathering of progressives who were known as the 26th of July Movement since that is the day Fidel Castro drove an assault on the Moncada armed force sleeping enclosure. The Castro or Cuban upheaval was not generally announced in light of the fact that the pioneer of Cuba at that point, President Batista, attempted to keep the upset mystery with the goal that the various nations would imagine that Cuba was in no peril of revolutionaries taking the entire nation over. The Cuban Revolution drove the route for other Latin American nations to attempt to free the American impact from their nation. Fidel Castro and the 26th of July Movement likewise demonstrated the adequacy of guerilla fighting and this kind of battling was embraced by numerous revolutionaries around the globe, regardless. Fidel Castro brought Cuban patriotism into his battle for opportunity and equity and this is the reason a great part of the Cuban open bolstered him at the hour of his Revolution. The Cuban Revolution shows what a little gathering of agitators can do when they have a charming pioneer alongside a decided gathering of supporters, who were eager to hazard their lives for Castros cause. The record, Creeping Revolt was clearly finished with minimal material since American columnists were not in Cuba at the time in view of the exceptional peril engaged with revealing there. Time Magazine wouldnt have been the most re... <!

Public Relations In Non Profit Organisations Marketing Essay

Advertising In Non Profit Organizations Marketing Essay First this exposition will clarify the job of advertising in non-benefit associations and give a short portrayal of our crusade; second the battles qualities and shortcomings will be talked about; third the crusade will be examined according to advertising hypothesis; lastly an end summing up the central matters talked about in this article Advertising and Non-Profit Organizations: Advertising can assume a significant job for non-benefit associations, offering the help to make new, and keep up existing connections important to meet hierarchical objectives, meet gathering pledges targets, and create authoritative mindfulness. As Broom, Center, and Cutlip state, there are five capacities the professional plans to complete inside non-benefit associations, these are to: Characterize or brand the association, gain acknowledgment of its strategic, secure its notoriety. Create channels of correspondence with those an association serves. Make and keep up a great atmosphere for gathering pledges. Bolster the turn of events and upkeep of open strategy that is great for an associations crucial. Educate and propel key hierarchical constituents, (for example, representatives, volunteers, and trustees) to commit themselves and work profitably on the side of an associations crucial, and destinations. (Brush, Center, Cutlip, 2006, p. 449) Crusade Description: Intentio PR structured a battle to accomplish two objectives; first to expand the measure of financing Parent to Parent gets through making associations with the business network; and second to build attention to Parent to Parent through the connections and crusades created with the business network. In this way, Intentio PRs key crusade objective was to expand the measure of subsidizing Parent to Parent gets, while at the same time expanding attention to Parent to Parent and their administrations to key crowds. Intentio PR proposed three activities to accomplish these objectives: A redevelopment of Parent to Parents site to be progressively intuitive, and to take into consideration a superior gift work. A reason related advertising effort with Huggies, where a specific measure of each Huggies item bought was given to the association A relationship with TradeMe, in which clients can give the bartering achievement expense or whole continues for a sold thing to Parent to Parent. Crusade Strength and Weaknesses: Preceding the advancement of Intentio PRs three crusades, Parent to Parents ebb and flow circumstance was inquired about, more explicitly look into focused on their motivation and strategic, current budgetary circumstance, and their wellsprings of financing. The data accumulated from this affected our next phase of research as we found that there was an issue with subsidizing, and that organizations were not drawn nearer for financing, focussing endeavors on awards and applications. Originating from our hierarchical data, we at that point directed research that investigated what persuades organizations to give sponsorship to non-benefit associations, what they see as fundamental to this relationship, and their degree of mindfulness for associations offering types of assistance to the debilitated. Research additionally investigated the financing and sponsorship circumstances of the local Parent to Parent workplaces. We experienced challenges according to this examination with respect to reaction rates, from both business, and the provincial workplaces reached to take an interest. In spite of the fact that not adequate to create any critical speculations to both of the networks overviewed, the data accumulated produced enough important information to help in the arrangement of our crusade objectives and goals. The objectives for this crusade fit in to two administration circumstances that Smith portrays, an errand the executives objective concentrated on acquiring all the more subsidizing, and notoriety the board objective which is focussed on Parent to Parents mindfulness and discernment (Smith, 2002, p. 69). In spite of the fact that our battle had an objective gotten from our past research and worked, as Smith states, to give the heading while goals pinpoint the goal (Smith, 2002, p. 67) I accept we could have grown progressively explicit, quantifiable, feasible, practical, and opportune (SMART) destinations for the three battles created. Therefore, this would have took into account us to grow progressively explicit and itemized battle assessments, which came up short on a particular standards to quantify accomplishment against. The notoriety or mindfulness target that was recorded could have been improved by explicitly expressing who the network referenced is, for instance among all guardians of crippled youngsters; and by giving quantifiable focuses to the goal, for instance an expansion of mindfulness by 60%, albeit past mindfulness levels of the association among the intended interest group for the goal would be required as the standard to be estimated against. Advertising Theory: In spite of the fact that we endeavored to utilize the four stage process, that is inquire about, arranging, activity, and assessment, our battle was deficient in territories, for example, arranging and assessment that would have united it. Five speculations I would use to depict and assess parts of Intentio PRs battle would be frameworks hypothesis, the two-way topsy-turvy model, social trade hypothesis, social learning hypothesis, and situational hypothesis. Frameworks hypothesis can be utilized to look at both the inward and outside connections an association has with its representatives and clients. Baskin, Heiman, Lattimore, and Toth depict associations as comprised of interrelated parts, adjusting and acclimating to changes in theenvironments in which they work. Associations have unmistakable limits, inside which there must be a correspondence structure that manages the pieces of the association to accomplish authoritative objectives. (Baskin, Heiman, Lattimore, Toth, 2007, pp. 44-45) These associations can be viewed as either open or shut frameworks; open frameworks permitting the progression of data from outside partners, and how these associations with outside partners may influence the association; shut frameworks deciding to concentrate on past choices and how these have performed when deciding, inclining toward not to look for new data from outside of the association. Our crusade would be founded on an open frameworks hypothesis, with examine in to outside associations and how these connections are built up, and kept up being directed, as recently talked about; additionally, we look to build up new associations with Huggies, and TradeMe to expand financing and mindfulness. As reviews were chiefly used to investigate associations with organizations, and the data discovered used to create or impact our crusade structure, the two-way hilter kilter best depicts our innovative work model, as Tench and Yeomans state Feedback from crowds is significant in this model of correspondence, yet it is utilized to adjust correspondence procedures to be increasingly enticing, not to modify the associations position. (Tench Yeomans, 2006, p. 147) Intentio PRs cause related showcasing effort with Huggies sets up a trade with the purchaser of the Huggies item; for each item the buyer buys, $2.00 will be given towards Parent to Parent. Along these lines, the demonstration of purchasing this item (the cost), brings about them assisting a beneficent association (the prize). I accept this is a case of the social trade hypothesis, which utilizes the monetary similitude of expenses and advantages to foresee conduct. It expect that people and gatherings pick techniques dependent on saw rewards and expenses. (Baskin, Heiman, Lattimore, Toth, 2007, p. 48) I accept the social learning hypothesis, which expresses that we can learn new practices simply by watching others (Baskin, Heiman, Lattimore, Toth, 2007, p. 50), is appropriate to our TradeMe Team Up battle. Despite the fact that there will be a media discharge and other limited time material comparable to this crusade, the principle technique where TradeMe individuals will find out about these gift highlights are through watching and adjusting this conduct from another part who has utilized these highlights on their auction(s). Both VanLeuven; and Baskin, Heiman, Lattimore Toth express that the more positive and compensating the results, the almost certain the conduct will happen. (VanLeuven, 1989, p. 196) Along these lines the likelihood of the watching TradeMe part receiving this conduct (the gift include) is almost certain on the off chance that they accept the prize (giving cash to a worthy mission) is an adequate or positive compensation for playing out the assignment; the objective of the limited time exertion for this battle ought to thusly be to adjust TradeMe Team Up crusade as so. Situational hypothesis, as per Tench, and Yeomans; and Baskin, Heiman, Lattimore Toth (2007, p.46-47), separates an associations publics as per those publics who effectively look for and process data about an association or an issue of intrigue, and those publics that inactively get informationas the circumstance, issue, opportunity, or issue changes, the publics, with which the association must impart, change. The redevelopment of Parent to Parents site is pointed towards the dynamic data searchers of their publics; the new web architecture takes into consideration simpler route of the website, and simpler access to pertinent data, for example, occasions, local data, and hierarchical data. It would be the dynamic clients of this site, who are likewise TradeMe individuals, who might be the early adopters of the gift highlight of TradeMe Team Up. End: Hypothesis sets up a structure through which regular wonders can be depicted and broke down. This article has portrayed the advertising effort planned by Intentio PR, and has attempted to relate the different segments that it contains to pertinent advertising hypothesis. I accept the crusade we produce

Innovation and Management of Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Advancement and Management of Change - Essay Example The advancement is a consequence of information the board, esteem chain the board, client organization, appropriation, money, assembling and seriousness. The development and changes it gets the associations can be broke down by an edge work and various models. These are helpful in surveying the viability of advancement and change. The structure, frameworks, style, aptitudes, staff and shared qualities are the key components in making any association fruitful. This tells the development and change likewise ought to be gotten these components consistently so they impact each other's activities decidedly. This encourages the chiefs to address and deal with the challenges presented by changes that are essential for long haul improvement of the organization. When all is said in done the commencement of the development by pioneers in the administrators will prompt defy the norms. The revelation of things to come by the pioneer will include a reason for the organization later on. This inclu des the undertaking wide way to deal with business process the executives and can expel the impediments blocking execution of the executives aims. This builds readiness and spotlight on the exercises of the business. At the point when authoritative structure characterizes the system, there is less likelihood for advancement. The advancement and effective change is conceivable by it when work characterizes the hierarchical structure. The authoritative characterized such will be adaptable, penetrable and liquid. 1 2. Authoritative Culture The present business condition needs inventive procedures in the manner they work. Recognizable proof of work place rehearses that react to the difficulties of development and change is fundamental. If there should be an occurrence of Fel Pro all the practices are focused on representative government assistance and less on development. The authoritative culture has driven the work and work didn't drove the hierarchical culture in the association. In spite of the fact that the organization is excellent in dealing with representatives, it needed advancement underway, items, showcasing. Development and alter in positive course will assist the association with creating better occupations and better business. Despite the fact that in 1993 the organization is in acceptable situation, following 10 years, the organization is in a fix to hold its clients who are huge producers. Despite the fact that it has least whittling down pace of the workers, the organization is confronting the danger of loosing the market for its items. The hesitance of the administration to globalize the organization can be a model for advancement. The organization is effective in utilizing all the assets accessible to create fixed resources that are not valuable to enhance creation like representative amusement and diversion. Indeed, even the fundamental advances that help to make better employments and better business results are missing. The organization followed more traditional strategies than the creative changes. The elite of the organization is because of the order and flawlessness in a specific are of the creation and that are has not been enhanced over the span of time. The staff ought to plan to elite that is inventive and changing as indicated by the market needs and changes. The organization has improved the advantages for the representatives and worker relations with the administration however didn't gauge the reduction of the market for gaskets, for which it has aced the creation e xercises. However

Comparison between Hard Times and the Star Free Essays

Like the start of Hard Times, the Star is about youngsters and how they are dealt with. Albeit Hard Times was composed a hundred years before the Star however the two stories have comparable messages and suggestions. The Star and Hard Times both pressure what their creators thought about educating in their occasions. We will compose a custom paper test on Correlation between Hard Times and the Star or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now A significant topic in the two stories is the significance of creative mind. For ‘Sissy’ Jupe in Hard Times, her creative mind is the thing that makes her herself. For the kid Cameron in the Star his creative mind is a method of getaway from the tragic world around him. In the two stories, these thoughts are a higher priority than the characters: however I imagine that in Hard Times the characters play a significantly more significant job than in the Star, as they are portrayed in substantially more detail and profundity. Like Hard Times, the environmental factors in the Star indicate thoughts of entanglement and claustrophobia. The expression â€Å"monotonous vault† in Hard Times proposes a jail like inclination to the schoolroom, while in the Star, â€Å"enclosing tenements† implies a comparative inclination about Cameron’s neighborhood. A significant message in the two stories is that regardless of how diligently you attempt to stifle creative mind, it will consistently reemerge. In Hard Times, this is spoken to by the expression, â€Å"dost thou feel that thou wither consistently kill out and out the looter Fancy prowling inside or some of the time just damage and mutilate him! † This message is likewise reflected in the Star by the kid ignoring the educator and gulping the star as opposed to giving it to the instructor. Dickens depicts his characters in incredible detail, utilizing likenesses and illustrations. For instance, there is a lengthily depiction of Mr. Gradgrind being compared a structure in section one. In Hard Times, Dickens how a character will act is reflected in their name. â€Å"Gradgrind† recommends slowly pounding, which is what Mr. Gradgrind does; he steadily granulates the kids into his picture of what an individual ought to be. Dickens additionally insights to us how we are intended to feel about specific characters in his portrayals of them. I locate that Gray doesn’t portray his characters in the Star in as much profundity as Dickens does in Hard Times. Dim invests more energy in the portrayals of the pictures that Cameron envisions when he investigates the star, for example, the snow-piece. â€Å"He brought it near his eye. In its profundity was the example of a snowflake†¦ He glanced through the flake’s precious stone grid into an expanse of sparkling blue-dark waves under a sky loaded with colossal cosmic systems. † I favored Hard Times to the Star on the grounds that the characters are portrayed in more detail though portrayals of the star appear to make up a large portion of the story in the Star. I likewise find Hard Times more obvious, presumably in light of the fact that it is more outright than the Star. Step by step instructions to refer to Comparison between Hard Times and the Star, Essays

Were closed to give thanks COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Were closed to give thanks COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The photo above depicts a common scene on campus this week. Theres a confetti of fall-colored leaves  throughout the grounds, the air is crisp, and students are sparsely around,  spending the limited time before the U.S. Thanksgiving holiday to  finish up their assignments. And since the students arent around, neither are the faculty and staff at Columbia University. Which means the SIPA Office of Admissions is closed to give thanks, starting at 2:00 p.m. EST today, until November 29, 2015. We will reopen at 9:00 a.m. EST on Monday, November 30, 2015. No matter your nationality, I hope youll spend the week giving thanks for what you do have in your life. And if you  choose to spend the remainder of the week  working on your application of admission, you may want to review some recent blog posts for application tips and a little bit of inspiration. Here are our top 5 Program Assistant blog posts this month, which you may have missed: A Quantitative/Language Resume Breakdown What I wish I knew as an international applicant MPA-DP: Fighting poverty as a generalist MPA-DP: A Summer in the ‘Hotbed of Terror’ The pros and cons of my MIA-MBA experience As well as our top 5** general blog posts: How Not to write your personal statement Dissecting the Application Checklist What’s with the GRE/GMAT and TOEFL/IELTS? Take a break, experience ‘A Doubled Magic’ 6 Quick-and-Dirty Tips For An Outstanding Admissions Essay **We say goodbye to SIPA alumna Anita Datar Happy Thanksgiving to everyone near and far.

What you are in the Dark A Character Analysis of Prince Hal - Literature Essay Samples

In the 16th century, Niccolo Machiavelli stated on The Prince that leadership came mostly from theatrics. That is to say, to be a good leader one must first be a good actor, or at the very least be convincing enough to get the loyalty of the people. In a time where the political situation of his kingdom was so precarious, when the people were so divided and opposed to one another, it is no surprise that King Henry IV was so concerned with the apparent lack of leadership within his son. He was, however completely unaware of the manipulative and sly nature of Prince Hal, who had a plan of his own in order to achieve the peoples love. While his character may appear to undergo severe character development, Prince Hal (And the future Henry V) was rather acting the different roles both his subjects and his father needed him to take, being then one of the most static characters in the entire tetralogy. Through Prince Hal, Shakespeare explores the idea of a Machiavellian prince, one more foc used on the theatrics of politics in order to achieve what he desired. Throughout Henry IV Part I and Part II, the reader sees Hal grow into the future King, the one meant to unite all of England. When he is first introduced, he is (according to his father) a rake, an ungrateful brat, who hung out with the worst kind of people a Prince could hung out with. His closest friend is, after all, the most corrupt and amoral character in the entire tetralogy. He is shown to be gambling, planning a robbery, hanging out with prostitutes and drinking with his foolish friends on a tavern. This makes for a dramatic contrast with the Harry the reader meets on Henry V, the King who inspires his soldiers with his rousing speech to go once more unto the breach. It would seem like character development will have its hands dipped into the very soul of the Prince, to make him honorable and worthy of following. It will seem that way to everyone, inspiring even to those who can see the wild Prince turn into a worthy King, if it wasn’t for the following speech: I know you all, and will awhile uphold/ The unyoked humor of your idleness./ Yet herein will I imitate the sun,/ Who doth permit the base contagious clouds/ To smother up his beauty from the world,/ That, when he please again to be himself,/ Being wanted, he may be more wondered at/ By breaking through the foul and ugly mists/ Of vapors that did seem to strangle him./ If all the year were playing holidays,/ To sport would be as tedious as to work,/ But when they seldom come, they wished-for come,/ And nothing pleaseth but rare accidents./ So when this loose behavior I throw off/ And pay the debt I never promisà ¨d,/ By how much better than my word I am,/ By so much shall I falsify mens hopes;/ And like bright metal on a sullen ground,/ My reformation, glittring oer my fault,/ Shall show more goodly and attract more eyes/ Than that which hath no foil to set it off. Ill so offend, to make offence a skill,/ Redeeming time when men think least I will. (1.2.202-224) Here, Prince Hal starts demonstrating how not only is he not the dishonorable man the world thinks him to be, but rather that he is playing the role in order to look even better as a King. While this is incredibly manipulative, Prince Hal has various reasons that validate this manipulation: His father is an usurper, and there is civil unrest on the country. He needs the loyalty of his people, needs them to trust him and value him so they will not try to dethrone him once his time comes. By making himself look bad now, his redemption will then give hope and amaze all of his subjects. It is this speech that causes all of Hals character development to look nothing more than the unmasking of a very clever, very intelligent young man. It also brings up the most Machiavellian aspects of Henrys personality, as this act that he is putting on is but a little part of his grand plan. Everything about Hal from this point on becomes the subject of intense scrutiny as there is no way to tell what is the reality of the situation and what is the lie of it. Perhaps the most real moment, the most authentic act on Henrys part, happens but on the very last part of Henry V, when he realizes that Catherine does not speak English and his only answer is a simple Oh. His actions, his relationships, the personality that he displays are all questionable, for they may or may not all be what Prince Hal wants the audience to see. There is a comparison to be made, between both Hotspur and Henry IV with Prince Hal on that instance. It is claimed multiple times in narrative (in Richard II for Henry IV and in Henry IV Part I for Hotspur) that both Henrys have the potential to be good monarchs. They are decisive, strong leaders, with a clear moral code and more importantly, honor. The people know they would be good Kings, and don’t hesitate to say so. By contrast, Hal is a rake, a childish young man, a shame to his father, and the people and the King have the ever-growing concern of what may happen once Hal becomes King. The plays then show us how Hal becomes a much more effective leader than his father, and a much better King. This then goes to show that Hals strategy was effective: While his fathers (and Hotspurs, but his would cost him his life) authenticity was not enough to carry him through his reign, Hals machinations are enough to not only make him dear in his peoples memories, but also a great King . This emphasizes yet another Machiavellian characteristic in Prince Hal: The duplicitousness of his character, which allows him to triumph. Prince Hal also dishonors his good name and creates a great riff between his father and himself in order to achieve the appearance of a depraved young man. He admits once during Henry IV Part II that this distance causes him great pain, as he wishes he could weep for his father and yet he knows he will be seen as a hypocrite if he does. In the same manner, he knows what the people think of him, knows of their distrust and of their fear. He does not cry, neither does he openly wield his grief. This demonstrates that Hal is willing to take all of the consequences that his actions have brought and that they will bring, as long as they bring him what he needs, which is the peoples loyalty and respect. He is Machiavellian in this too, deciding that the ends justify the means. Prince Hal will forever be a subject of debate among scholars. He could be wicked and manipulative, as well as noble and intelligent. There is no way to come to an absolute conclusion, as to do so would be to diminish his complexity. He is clever and manipulative, and yet he still feels deeply for his people and wants to do good by them. He infuriates his father, and yet he loves him with all of his soul. He is a warrior made for battle, and yet he demonstrates great rhetoric. It is possible then, that while Prince Hal is but the very definition of a Machiavellian Prince, he is also a noble and worthy man.

Short Story - 1110 Words

Bang, ching, fling! The boy’s locker room erupted into vigorous sounds of lockers closing and opening. The zero period class was always considered one of the calmest physical education classes of the day, but tempers were always flared on Monday. Who could resist? Monday, also known as the mile day during P.E., was loathed at Rockefester Jr. High. â€Å"Does anyone have my athletic clothes?† Jack questioned the boys, who also looked dismayed in his changing row. Tristan, next to Jack, angrily pulled his head out from inside his own locker. â€Å"I can’t seem to find my clothes either!† Tristan muttered. â€Å"I know I had them yesterday.† One after another, each boy in the locker room announced that they, too, were missing their gym shirts and shorts.†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Don’t you just love the way she-† Tristan started but was interrupted by the school intercom. â€Å"Yo gabba wabba zink wok zu,† was emitted from the speakers placed in the halls. The boys glanced at each other widely with concern. â€Å"What was that?† Tristan asked. â€Å"Surely, it is nothing to be of importance,† Jack assured Tristan. â€Å"Probably just a joke the secretary is playing on the students.† Satisfied with the response, Tristan and Jack walked to their English class. The boys settled into their seats, while Mrs. Whitney began taking roll. The boys usually enjoyed this class, for Mrs. Whitney always had a fun personality. But, today was different, and she seemed upset about something.The boys were unable to decipher her glares at the class, and Tristan decided to zone out. Trista n sat back in his seat, and blocked out all of the noise in the classroom. As Tristan is in a daze, and Jack unaware, they do not realize that a peculiar, grey spaceship has landed in the school soccer field. One by one, aliens disperse out of the spaceship, and are standing in a ready position. This Monday, really was going to be frightening. â€Å"Excuse the interruption,† the intercom invaded into the boy’s classroom. â€Å"Jack, please make your way to the office as quickly as possible.† Jack immediately rose out of his seat, motioned goodbye to Tristan, and walked out the door. Tristan sat through his English class without saying one word. The bell cut throughShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. Because of its shorter length, the characters and situations are fewer and less complicated than those of a novel.† In the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s DictionaryRead MoreShort Stories648 Words   |  3 Pageswhat the title to the short story is. The short story theme I am going conduct on is â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty’ by James Thurber (1973). In this short story the literary elements being used is plot and symbols and the theme being full of distractions and disruption. The narrator is giving a third person point of view in sharing the thoughts of the characters. Walter Mitty the daydreamer is very humorous in the different plots of his dr ifting off. In the start of the story the plot, symbols,Read MoreShort Stories1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe themes of short stories are often relevant to real life? To what extent do you agree with this view? In the short stories â€Å"Miss Brill† and â€Å"Frau Brechenmacher attends a wedding† written by Katherine Mansfield, the themes which are relevant to real life in Miss Brill are isolation and appearance versus reality. Likewise Frau Brechenmacher suffers through isolation throughout the story and also male dominance is one of the major themes that are highlighted in the story. These themes areRead MoreShort Story and People1473 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Title: Story Of An Hour Author: Kate Chopin I. On The Elements / Literary Concepts The short story Story Of An Hour is all about the series of emotions that the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard showed to the readers. With the kind of plot of this short story, it actually refers to the moments that Mrs. Mallard knew that all this time, her husband was alive. For the symbol, I like the title of this short story because it actually symbolizes the time where Mrs. Mallard died with joy. And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intruding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narr ator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. InRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 Words   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

Reflection Of A Beautiful Mind - 1005 Words

The film A Beautiful Mind is based on a documentation of the life of John Nash. The opening scene depicts the school days of Nash at Princeton University. He becomes obsessed with having an original idea. Likewise, he competes against Marin Hansen, the co-recipient of the Carnegie Scholarship for mathematics. These situations fuel Nash’s fear of failure and create excessive stress. With the encouragement of his best friend, Charles, Nash makes a breakthrough concerning his original idea, earning him an intellectual position. Five years later, Nash deciphers enemy code mentally in the Pentagon. Shortly after this achievement, William Parcher, a man who works for the United States Department of Defense, employs Nash to become a secret agent.†¦show more content†¦She finds Nash’s office covered in newspaper clippings in attempt to decipher the Soviet code and the mailbox full of unopened letters containing his confidential findings. Nash receives the proper treatm ent that helps him control his hallucinations, but he relapses several times. Nash almost drowns his son because he thought fictional Charles was watching the baby. The pivotal event occurs when Parcher, the imaginary figure, goes to shoot Alicia, and Nash â€Å"tackles† him, accidentally hitting Alicia and the baby. Alicia leaves, but Nash runs after her, realizing that the people are truly hallucinations since Marcee never ages. Alicia sends her son away and remains at the house with Nash to support his recovery and help distinguish reality. In attempt to return to normal, Nash conditions himself to ignore the hallucinations when he returns to Princeton where he audits classes and works in the library. Eventually, he is given a classroom to teach, earning respect from students and professors. Ultimately, Nash wins the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for his original ideas. In his acceptance speech, he thanks Alicia for believing in him and recognizes that while he values knowledge, he values a beautiful heart even more. Throughout the film, the challenges that Nash struggled with every day were clearly conveyed as detrimental to his and other’s wellbeings as he could not distinguish reality from fiction. In order to survive, Nash required assistance inShow MoreRelatedGirl Before A Mirror By Pablo Picasso863 Words   |  4 PagesEveryone can agree that the reflection in a mirror when you look at yourself will illustrate a sense of pride in your appearance and achievements. In 1932, Pablo Picasso painted a picture titled Girl before a mirror with the subject being his French mistress Marie-Therese Walter. Picasso used a cubism stylistic approach while he created this painting. Furthermore, the idea of cubism is to take apart an object and break it down into simple shapes. Then, recreate those shapes onto a canvas and it willRead MoreWilliam Wordsworth Poetry Analysis968 Words   |  4 Pages Individual Powers: Reflection, Imagination, and Feeling gives the poet, William Wordsworth, a chance to reflect upon his life. He writes this renown piece of literature at a time that the world is rapidly changing and shifting. Wordsworth is able to extract himself from hectic society, slow down, and absorb his surroundings while portraying central components of true romantic poetry in his piece. The poem was written toward the end of the 18th century, during the Romantic period. Romanticism emphasizedRead MoreLiterary Criticism On Beauty879 Words   |  4 PagesMaà ®tresse Erzulie affects Smith’s characters just as Scarry predicts. In On Beauty and Being Just, Scarry asserts that â€Å"what is beautiful prompts the mind to move chronologically back in search for precedents and parallels,† a phenomenon which guides the women in Smith’s novel upon viewing the Hyppolite (Scarry 30). Carlene Kipps is the first to verbalize her reflection, noting that she bought the painting before she met her art historian husband, Mo nty (Smith 175). This is notable because MontyRead MoreThe Sublime Is Defined By Edmund Burke, Arthur Schopenhauer, And Immanuel Kant973 Words   |  4 Pagespressed the concept further, distinguishing beauty and the sublime as separate entities. Kant’s sublime exists in oscillation between pleasure and fear, beauty that might frighten you to death. Where, if anywhere, is there an overlap between the beautiful and the sublime? Kant explains two forms of the sublime, the mathematic and the dynamic. The mathematically sublime presents itself when we are confronted with something so absolutely large that is overwhelms our imagination’s capacity to comprehendRead MoreBeauty Is a Reflection of Culture and Perception Essay809 Words   |  4 PagesHow beauty is perceived and what beauty is defined as is a very controversial topic. Beauty is a reflection of one’s culture and perceptions. However, one’s idea of beauty may become contorted. This results in a misperception of what beauty really is. Society makes it out to be a perfect model or celebrity that no one can compare to. In order to understand why beauty is not a universal idea, one must know what beauty is, what each culture perceives as beauty, and the misperception society gives peopleRead MoreMary Shelleys Frankenstein: Victor Frankenstein’s Alternate-self1696 Words   |  7 Pages† They are the kind of people who de sperately seek answers for their existence, and will not rest until their questions are resolved. The alternate-self is the true being. Although it remains as a reflection of the physical body it is also who we see on the inside. What one sees in his or her reflection equals the truth of their nature. For some we see an innate good, but for others it is the innate evil and horror of humanity. Victor Frankenstein may claim to be such a person, but he performs theRead MoreFilm Analysis : A Beautiful Mind1564 Words   |  7 PagesA Beautiful Mind (Grazer, Howard, Howard, 2001) is a film about the life of John Nash Jr. John Nash was a mathematician studying at Princeton University on a Carnegie Scholarship in 1947. The film portrays Nash’s academic journey, career, and personal life. As an adult, John Nash was diagnosed with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is classified as an emotional or behavioral low-incidence disorder disorder (Smith Tyler, 2010, p. 234). According to Smith a nd Tyler, about 1% of the general populationRead MoreShe Walks in Beauty1157 Words   |  5 Pagesinherited the title and the estate from his great-uncle (Gamber). Thus he became the well known Lord Byron. Several months before meeting his first wife, Lord Byron attended a party at Lady Sitwells at June 1814 (Gamber). Mrs. Wilmot, Lord Byron’s beautiful cousin, attended the party in a black mourning dress. The poet became captivated by his cousin’s alluring beauty; her fair face contrasting with her dark hair and dress. Inspired by the opposing shades that created such an attractive woman, he wroteRead MoreReflection Of Illusion1635 Words   |  7 Pages Shattering a Reflection of Illusion I stare blankly at the blinking caret. Propped up snugly against three quilted pillows and one calculus textbook is my laptop. To be more specific, a laptop opened to an empty Microsoft Word document. Writing a speech is no easy task, but writing a valedictory address is like playing darts with spaghetti. Humbly accepting the position as the class valedictorian, I have been graced with the task of writing an excerpt that would fill my classmates’ hearts withRead MoreAnalysis Of Ovid s The Apollo Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pagesof the whole self, resulting in destructive consequences for the victims of that power. The stories written by Ovid will be explored in the light of how the lack of trying to control the powerful nature of love will result in a transformation of the mind, changing sanity and common sense to reckless irrational reasoning. Ovid warns what love without moderation usually results in tragedy yet is also necessary in life. Ovid’s tale of â€Å"Apollo and Daphne† presents love to have the ability to replace

The Ethics Of Sarbanes Oxley Act - 1667 Words

Abstract Sarbanes-Oxley Act was enforced in the past but caught everyone’s attention when drastic audit failures from Enron and Worldcom happened. An enhanced act (SOX) was enacted in 2002 improving audit quality. In particular, section 404 provides guidance of assessment to internal control. For an accounting perspective, internal control is a system for internal and external auditors to measure performance and recommend the improvement of the control. It is definitely correct that both enforcement and the system are to address the risks of frauds. In the meantime, a new regulatory agency, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) was created to monitor the work of public accountants. Among SOX and the PCAOB, accounting†¦show more content†¦With the use of AIS, risk management become higher and material weaknesses can be avoided that management can efficiently make decisions under reliable and accurate financial information. Therefore, there is a direct cor relation between AIS and controls along with legislation. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) Summary SOX was passed by the Congress after the substantial audit frauds by Enron and Worldcom occurred. A series of standards were set and enforced for all U.S. public corporations and public accounting firms in order to improve business performance and processes, and decision-making. It is mandatory. SOX consists of 11 major elements following as (SOX, 2002, p. 1): 1. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 2. Auditor Independence 3. Corporate Responsibility 4. Enhanced Financial Disclosures 5. Analyst Conflicts of Interest 6. Commission Resources and Authority 7. Studies and Reports 8. Corporate and Criminal Fraud Accountability 9. White Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement 10. Corporate Tax Returns 11. Corporate Fraud Accountability Each of them is significant for public accounting companies to develop effective control environment, provide reliable financial information, and set policies complying with applicable laws and regulations. Internal Controls According to the framework, Internal Control – Integrated Framework, issued by the

Video Modeling As An Effective Intervention Strategy for...

Introduction According to the U.S. Department of Education, autism is defined as a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interactions and verbal and nonverbal communication. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may also display attention deficits, engage in repetitive behaviors, resist environmental changes, have unusual sensory experiences, and may exhibit inappropriate behaviors that have adverse impacts on educational performance (Delano, 2007). The incidence of children identified with ASD has steadily increased and has thus changed the dynamics of education. Due to the number of children diagnosed with autism dramatically increasing over the last fifteen years, the demand for research-based†¦show more content†¦He also determined that individuals are more likely to imitate the behavior of those they perceive as competent and similar to themselves. Consistent with Bandura’s social learning theory, video modeling is a versatile intervention that capitalizes on the potency of observational learning and because most individuals with ASD do not engage in incidental learning to instinctively gather information from their environment, the principles of the social learning theory successfully contribute to the effectiveness of video modeling (Aspy Grossman, 2007). Video modeling is a promising behavioral technique that falls under the category of assistive technology. It is thought to be a beneficial learning tool because it combines the power of observational learning, also known as modeling, with the apparent tendency of individuals with ASD to be particularly responsive to visually cued instruction. Video modeling is a procedure of videotaping targeted behaviors in order to expand the learner’s capability to memorize, imitate, and generalize or adapt targeted behaviors (Neumann, 2004). Over the last three decades, the research has shown success when video modeling is used for teaching individuals with ASD a variety of social, academic, functional, and recently vocational skills. However, little research has been conducted on using video modeling to teach behavior expectations during whole group learning. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectivenessShow MoreRelatedCase Study for Autism13506 Words   |  55 PagesCase Study: Effective Teaching Strategies for a Student with Asperger’s in the General Educational Classroom Elizabeth Addington Durgin George Mason University Abstract At a training session in Loudoun County Public Schools (LCPS) on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), statistics were shared of the number of students in the school system with an ASD diagnosis. It has become the third most common childhood illness. In the LCPS 10.6% of Individualized Education Programs (IEP) are dedicated to

Nutrition concepts and controversies Free Essays

Mammals, like humans, have a unique way of bearing an offspring. They carry this offspring in their womb for several days or months until their offspring are ready to face the world. This process is called pregnancy. We will write a custom essay sample on Nutrition concepts and controversies or any similar topic only for you Order Now In scientific terms, pregnancy is the phase from conception until birth wherein a fertilized develops into a fetus inside a mother’s womb. Pregnancy is a delicate situation, and needs utmost care and attention. During pregnancy, a mother is exposed to a lot of risks, so risky practices should be avoided. One practice that should be avoided is doing strenuous sports, particularly sports with risks of falling. A fall would cause an impact, and this impact may initiate the separation of placenta from the uterus, a condition known as placenta abruptio. This might cause an excessive loss of blood to the mother. Death to the unborn child would be the other risk. Another habit that should be avoided is smoking. This increases the risk of miscarriage for the mother, and possible health problems and lower birth weight for the offspring. This might also trigger an event known as sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).   Another practice that should be avoided is drinking alcohol. A drunken mother is more prone to accidental fall which may trigger a miscarriage, and therefore excessive loss of blood or death of the unborn child. The child might also have some health problems after birth like a heart problem. Drinking great amounts of caffeine are also strictly prohibited for pregnant mothers. Caffeine affects the nervous system, making you more nervous, irritable and unable to sleep. Too much caffeine in a pregnant mother’s body might increase the likelihood of a miscarriage. This would either lead to excessive bleeding and loss of blood to the mother, and death to the offspring. Lastly, a pregnant mom should also avoid hot bath tubs and sauna baths/steams. These practices increase the core body temperature of the mother. This would increase heart rate to increase the blood flow on the body. It makes the heart work even harder and therefore might result to fainting. The increased heat in the environment of the fetus might also have a significant impact on the health of the child after birth. Reference Children and Youth Health. (2007). Pregnancy – risks. Retrieved May 1, 2008 from http://www.cyh.com/HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetails.aspx?p=114np=304id=1964    How to cite Nutrition concepts and controversies, Essays

Employment Law

Question: Write an essay on the Employment Law. Answer: Introduction The 5C Typology in the US employment Law has been the guideline or the legal framework through which cross border employment executed. The 5C typology includes the following constituents within the US employment law- Citizenship, compliance, control as well as culture. There are several issues in dealing with such a recruitment procedure. The development of these notions can be prevented by raising the awareness levels about cross-border employment. This is responsibility of the human resource department, which can implement training schemes in curbing these common misperceptions from hampering organizational business functionalities. US Employment Law: Common misconceptions The common misperception about cross-border employment is the negative attributes associated with a place. Cross- border employment has many opportunities associated when working with a designated employer as per the laws of a place According to Holland et al. (2015), cross-border employment is a necessary feature in the global market scenario and can assist any business enterprise in recruiting the best talents in the global market. Citizenship The US offers citizenship opportunities to the talented professionals working in the place. In this regard, it can be said that the citizenship offers many opportunities to the business enterprise. Ekman (2015) mentioned that citizenship offered to the employees, would help in adjusting to a new place and offer many opportunities to the brand. Offering a U S citizenship entails many factors like the education, background as well as the purpose. However, the most prevalent misconception that it is a lengthy procedure and is biased (Lanney Ensign, 2014). As such, it can be said that the citizenship given is a fair procedure and would help in selecting individuals that adds a value to the place . Compliance - Employment law in the US is subjected to various rules and regulations. Thus, the organization needs to adhere to compliances in the global market. Regulatory compliances include strict checking on the backgrounds (Giles, 2015). This includes checking if he has a criminal conviction or the person has been disbarred from working in the domestic country. As such, Toppin, and Toppin (2015) noted that there are several compliances, which the organization has to adhere to in recruiting, oversees candidates. In this regard , it can be said that the most common perception about compliances that it is a simplified procedure which can be taken care of after recruiting the candidates . Ekman (2015) mentioned that the compliance procedure depends on the product and the service line the organizations are currently operating. The US compliance procedure has to conform to the rules and the regulations of a place. Control - There is rigid control that has been imposed on the employment laws of a place. Lear (2012) mentioned that there should be strict restrictions that have been guiding every employee policy in the organization. The control relates to every aspect of the business in the terms of recruitment, selection as well as the operational activities of a business (Ekman, 2015). However, the most common misconception referring to control in the employment law is the wrong notion that the employer has the total control of the operational activities of a business enterprise (Toppin and Toppin, 2015). There are specific guidelines established in the US Law that governs the actions of every employer working in the business enterprise. Culture - The work environment or the culture has a pertinent impact on the productivity rate of a business organization. As such, Giles (2015) noted there is a common misconception about the work environment being superior in all the business enterprises and have an essential impact on the business operational policies. In such cases, an unbalanced work environment would have a adverse impact, thereby, hampering the productivity rate of the organization. Employment law in the global context The employment laws in the context of the global level shall assist business entities to correctly assess the legal requirements and act accordingly. This would assist the business enterprise to ensure that the legal necessities has been accurately met . Graybill, et al.(2013) mentioned that the legal parameters in the case of the employment laws relates to following a fair and a transparent process in the context of the relocating of the employees and selecting oversees candidates. Use of 5C typology The 5C typology can be used to state the employment law as well as the foreign subsidiaries to the business organizations. According to Toppin, and Toppin (2015), these 5C typology can be used to state the operational strategies to re-innovate the existing business scenario in the country It can be said that the these 5C typology can serve as an essential guideline for the business enterprise The misinterpretations identified in the case of the 5C typology can be prevented to assist the business entity in ensuring effective business operations. Lanney and Ensign, (2014) mentioned that it is the primary responsibility of the human resource department to address such issues. Therefore, those regular training sessions can be implemented to educate the employees about the existing employment laws in a place (Lear, 2012). This would enhance the level of education about the US employment and prevent such misreprentations. Conclusion There have been several misconceptions that can be associated with the US employment law. As such, it can be said that these misinterpretations about cross border employment law can be reduced by holding regular workshops with potential oversees employees . In addition , different types of severance packages are also provided to employees depending upon the terms and the conditions of the job contract . The 5C of the employment Laws has been providing the necessary guidelines and rules covering different aspects of cross border employment. Thus, it is the primary responsibility of the human resource department in consultation with the management of a business organization in creating fair and transparent human resource policies. References Ekman, T. (2015). Employee advocacy in social media-Case study of a Finnish listed company (Doctoral dissertation). Graybill, J. O., Taesil Hudson Carpenter, M., Offord Jr, J., Piorun, M., Shaffer, G. (2013). Employee onboarding: identification of best practices in ACRL libraries. Library Management, 34(3), 200-218. Holland, J., Burnett, S., Millington, P. (2015). Employment Law 2016. Oxford University Lanney, A. R., Ensign, P. C. (2014). Melville Corporate Finance, Inc. Asian Case Research Journal, 18(02), 221-249. Lear, D. (2012). Languages for specific purposes curriculum creation and implementation in service to the US community. The Modern Language Journal, 96(s1), 158-172. Toppin, I. N., Toppin, S. M. (2015). Virtual schools: The changing landscape of K-12 education in the US.

Nike free essay sample

Every athlete? Or every soccer player? This particular Nike advertisement is trying to bring excitement and passion to the viewer. It is trying to bring the viewer to a state of mind in which he or she is really pumped. Where the viewer can fully understand and intake the broad yet specific message that can directed to every athlete, soccer player and your average Joe. When looking at this advertisement the viewer is able to notice that there are three main descriptions. Each one targets a certain audience but all together target everyone. In this advertisement Nike does not target a specific product but targets the whole Nike industry. The first symbol that is noticed in the ad, a person in this case, that the viewer notices is this random guy screaming as if just winning something valuable, a game, prize, etc.. That random guy is meant to target anyone who sees the advertisement because everyone would like to win something as big as what this guy has seem to won and would also like to feel that state of thrill. We will write a custom essay sample on Nike or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even though the viewer might have clue who this man is or might not even know company that created the commercial he or she will feel a sense of pride and accomplishment from just noticing the mans facial and body expressions. The second description that is noticed in the advertisement is Nikes famous Just Do It check mark logo trademark. Nike is known throughout most of the world; and most people are familiar with the Nike brand and its products. This element focuses on many athletes in general because Nike as a manufacturer produces athletic gear and products anywhere from mouth guards to tennis rackets. Even Nikes formal line of clothing is sporty looking. A good number of people who would identify the Just Do It trademark and check mark logo as a representative of Nike are probably athletes or have some background knowledge that Nike is a sporting good company and with this advertisement specifically this element (logo and trademark). Nike is in particular reaching out to athletes or people who have a more enhanced knowledge of Nike, its logos and its products as well. Wayne Rooney is the final element that this advertisment uses to communicate to the reader. Only people who know this man are those who are familiar with soccer. People who would most likely identify this man as soccer are mostly soccer fans of Rooney or are familiar with his work. The viewer can either be a general soccer fan, a Manchester United fan, or English fan or all of them. The viewers who are not familiar with soccer or Wayne wouldnt recognize him. They wouldnt know that he is a soccer player who plays for Manchester United club and Englands national soccer team as well. So just with knowing Wayne Rooney would mean that this advertisement targets soccer fans, Manchester United fans and English fans. If it’s either the warrior man, Just Do it, check mark, or Wayne Rooney these elements that Nike uses can be broad and very specific at the same time according to the viewer’s background information about each element. If a viewer does not find a relationship between any of the symbols used in this advertisement then Nike is probably producing products that are not suitable for that particular viewer. This advertisement is trying to give the viewer some kind of excuse (excitement, background information about the company and its logos and trademarks) to bring Nike and the viewer on equal grounds as well as promote Nikes products. Overall, the purpose of this advertisement is to give the viewer a few elements that he or she might bond with according to their background information and get the viewer to be more familiar with Nike and its products. Nike is trying to tell this viewer on a general scale that it supports his or hers enthusiasm about sports and adrenaline as well as communicating with the viewer on a more precise scale, which is soccer. This advertisement also uses pathos and ethos to better communicate with the audience. Pathos is used in the intensity of winning and pride. Ethos is used in awakening the athlete through Rooney and Just Do It†. Nike’s advertisement is not solely focusing on one product but on Nike itself as a sporting good company and producer.

The Difference Between Fellowships and Scholarships

The Difference Between Fellowships and Scholarships You may have heard other students talk about applying for a scholarship or a fellowship and wondered what the difference is between the two. Scholarships and fellowships are forms of financial aid, but they arent exactly the same thing. In this article, well explore the difference between fellowships and scholarships so that you can learn what each type of aid means for you. Scholarships Defined A scholarship is a type of funding that can be applied to educational costs, such as tuition, books, fees, etc. Scholarships are also known as grants or financial aid. There are many different types of scholarships. Some are awarded based on financial need, while others are awarded based on merit. You can also receive scholarships from random drawings, membership in a particular organization, or through a contest (such as an essay competition). A scholarship is a desirable form of financial aid because it does not have to be paid back like a student loan. The amounts awarded to a student through a scholarship could be as little as $100 or as high as $120,000 on up. Some scholarships are renewable, which means that you can use the scholarship to pay for your first year of undergraduate school and then renew it in your second year, third year, and fourth year. Scholarships are available for undergraduate and graduate level study, but scholarships are typically more plentiful for undergraduate students. Scholarship Example The National Merit Scholarship is an example of a well-known, longstanding scholarship for students seeking an undergraduate degree. Each year, the National Merit Scholarship Program awards scholarships worth $2,500 each to thousands of high school students who achieve exceptionally high scores on the Preliminary SAT/National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test (PSAT/NMSQT). Each $2,500 scholarship is issued through a single one-time payment, meaning the scholarship cannot be renewed each year. Another example of a scholarship is the Jack Kent Cooke Foundation College Scholarship. This scholarship is awarded to high school students with financial need and a record of academic achievement. Scholarship winners receive up to $40,000 per year to put towards tuition, living expenses, books, and required fees. This scholarship can be renewed each year for up to four years, making the entire award worth up to $120,000. Fellowships Defined Like a scholarship, a fellowship is also a type of grant that can be applied to educational costs such as tuition, books, fees, etc. It does not need to be paid back like a student loan.  These awards are usually geared toward students who are earning a masters degree or doctorate degree. Although many fellowships include a tuition stipend, some of them are designed to fund a research project. Fellowships are sometimes available for pre-baccalaureate research projects but are more commonly available to graduate-level students who are performing some form of post-baccalaureate research. Service commitments, such as a commitment to complete a particular project, teach other students, or participate in an internship, may be required as part of the fellowship. These service commitments may be required for a specific period of time, such as six months, one year, or two years. Some fellowships are renewable. Unlike scholarships, fellowships are not usually need-based. They are also rarely awarded at random to contest winners. Fellowships are typically merit-based, which means you must demonstrate some form of achievement in your chosen field, or at the very least, demonstrate potential to achieve or do something impressive in your field. Fellowship Example The Paul and Daisy Soros Fellowships for New Americans is a fellowship program for immigrants and children of immigrants who are earning a graduate degree in the United States. The fellowship covers 50 percent of tuition and includes a $25,000 stipend. Thirty fellowships are awarded each year. This fellowship program is merit-based, meaning that applicants must be able to demonstrate a commitment to, or at least a capacity for, accomplishment and contributions  in their field of study. Another example of a fellowship is the Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship (DOE NNSA SSGF). This fellowship program is for students who are seeking a Ph.D. in science and engineering fields. Fellows receive full tuition for their chosen program, a $36,000 yearly stipend, and an annual $1,000 academic allowance. They must participate in a fellowship conference in the summer and a 12-week  research practicum  at one of DOEs national defense laboratories. This fellowship can be renewed annually for up to four years. Applying for Scholarships and Fellowships Most scholarship and fellowship programs have an application deadline, which means that you must apply by a certain date to be eligible. These deadlines vary by program. However, you typically apply for a scholarship or fellowship the year before you need it or in the same year that you need it. Some scholarship and fellowship programs also have additional eligibility requirements. For example, you may need a GPA of at least 3.0 to apply or you may be required to be a member of a particular organization or demographic to be eligible for the award. No matter what the program requirements are, it is important to follow all of the rules when submitting your application to increase your chances of success. It is also important to remember that many scholarship and fellowship competitions are competitive- there are a lot of people who want free money for school- so you should always take your time to put your best foot forward and submit an application that you can be proud of. For example, if you have to submit an essay as part of the application process, make sure that the essay reflects your best work. Tax Implications of Fellowships and Scholarships There are tax implications that you should be aware of when accepting a fellowship or scholarship in the United States. The amounts that you receive may be tax-free or you may be required to report them as taxable income. A fellowship or scholarship is tax-free if you will be using the money you receive to pay for required tuition, fees, books, supplies, and equipment for courses at an academic institution where youre a candidate for a degree. The academic institution you are attending must conduct regular educational activities and have a faculty, curriculum, and body of students. In other words, it has to be a real school. A fellowship or scholarship is considered taxable income and must be reported as part of your gross income if the money you receive is used to pay for incidental expenses not required by the courses you need to take to earn your degree. Examples of incidental expenses include travel or commuting expenses, room and board, and optional equipment (i.e., materials that are not required to complete the necessary courses). A fellowship or scholarship is also considered taxable income if the money you receive serves as a payment for research, teaching, or other services that you must perform in order to receive the scholarship or fellowship. For example, if you are given a fellowship as payment for your teaching one or more courses at the school, the fellowship is considered income and must be claimed as income.

13 Kick-Ass Tips for Writing Fantasy Fiction

13 Kick-Ass Tips for Writing Fantasy Fiction 13 Kick-Ass Tips For Writing Fantasy From Professional Fantasy Editors Has there ever been a better time to be writing fantasy? Where once it was a fringe genre, now fantasy is everywhere in pop culture, from Harry Potter to the memes surrounding Jon Snow.There’s also never been a more exciting time to write fantasy. The genre is changing daily, as authors such as Neil Gaiman, Susanna Clarke, and Patrick Rothfuss continue to interpret, subvert, and stretch it to attain new pinnacles. What’s more, the public can't seem to get enough of it, proving that there is a market for fantasy - and it’s a big one.So, if you’re an author, where can you find a place for yourself in today’s talent-rich terrain?In our search for the finest writing tips in the realm, we spoke to seven of the top fantasy editors on our marketplace. They’ve worked with George R.R. Martin, James Dashner, Brandon Sanderson, and many more of the brilliant authors who are re-defining the genre. Here’s what they said.1. Identify your marketIf y ou don’t know your market, you’ve already made a mistake, says Erin Young, an agent for Dystel Goderich Bourret, which represents authors such as James Dashner of Maze Runner fame.â€Å"Oh, my market is fantasy,† you might say, waving your monthly subscription of Imagination And Me. But is your story steampunk, urban, or grimdark fantasy? Is it for children or  young adults? Are there elves or tech? Is it set in the modern world, or is it a re-imagining of an alternate past? Jonathan Strange and Mr. Norrell, for instance, doesn’t target Discworld’s readers, and no-one would instinctively group Harry Potter and Stephen King's The Dark Tower in the same category. Castle Ruins, art by Jeff Brown.â€Å"You’re absorbing ideas. You're absorbing grammar. You're absorbing sentence structure and rhythm and prose,† she says. â€Å"Read books with description or dialogue you admire. Read the books that are classics- they are classics for a reason- and read the books that are bestsellers and read the books that are award winners. Read and read and read, and you'll start to see your own writing improve.†To take specific action, Nieveen suggests picking the 10 books that you most admire. Then, it's just a matter of re-reading them and noting strengths in their plot, dialogue, characters, and scene structure.  Learn from the best - and then go forth and tilt the arena again yourself.What are your tips for writing fantasy? Leave them in the comments below. You can also check out our list of the 100 best fantasy series ever  for inspiration!

The Reasons the Roman Empire Fell Research Paper

The Reasons the Roman Empire Fell - Research Paper Example For the economic reason, Rome’s decline was precipitated by the decline in manufacturing and trade which resulted in the populations loss of purchasing ability. This resulted in the widening between the rich and the poor. For military reason, Rome’s armies became political as it can determine succession of emperors. Soldiers also became scarce as the empire can no longer afford to pay them. Rome resorted to barbarian troops which has no loyalty to Rome and cannot be depended on defending Rome. It is more interested in obtaining spoils of war and cannot be depended on to fight their fellow barbarians in behalf of Rome. Politically, patriotism and pride among Romans dwindled as most emperors no longer command respect and loyalty. Democracy was no longer practiced and its citizens can no longer vote. Rome’s leadership also deteriorated that it slid to patronage politics where loyalty is bestowed to an Emperor instead of the state. There was also no orderly transitio n of power, partly because the military meddles with the succession of the emperors. Rome became divided the creation of two empires brought about loyalty crisis. The division started when Constantine made Byzantium a capital which was formerly in Rome. The succeding emperor, Diocletian thought that by dividing Rome into two would strengthen the empire, in fact brought the opposite and furthered the division of the empire and precipiated its fall. This period marked a crisis characterized by military Anarchy (235 -284 AD) when its emperor, Alexander Severus was assasinated. Rome ceased to be a learning center and instead became preoccupied with gladiator shows and chariot contests instead of intellectual pursuits. In a way also, Christianity contributed to the fall of Rome because it undermined the basis of its leadership such as imperial divinity. Hunger, plagued, famine and war ensued that deteriorated the Roman empire further. In general, Rome fell due to its dependency to non-Ro mans which later turned against the empire. The Antonine Plague which wreaked havoc in 165 Ad also wiped out nearly half of its population with the spread of the epidemics such as measles and small pox. The annihilation of its population precipitated its dependency towards barbarians who turned against the empire. These barbarians were not really concerned with the security and protection of Rome but only with the loot and spoils of war. The infusion of non-Romans into its military also diluted its sense of patriotism and sense of loyalty to the empire. One of the more popular theories which was attributed to the decline and fall of Rome is its moral degradation which is often depicted in popular media such as the movie Gladiator. The series of war it was involved in also caused the demise of the Roman Empire. The first war with the Visigoths in 376-382 AD where Emperor was killed allowed the fleeing Huns to live in the borders of Rome who later rebelled against the Empire and contr ibuting to its instability2 (Goldsworthy, 2009, 13). Rome also lost during the first war. The Alaric war, which was also known as the second war with the Visigoths ultimately led to the sacking of Rome in 410. Alaric invaded Italy and eventually founded the Visigothic Kingdom in Gaul and Hispania3 (Gibbon et al., 2003, 318) Many of its territories, such as those in the regions of Hispania and

SMART Goal Setting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SMART Goal Setting - Essay Example Through the application of SMART goals, it is easier to set goals that drive change and engage all the stakeholders in initiating change. The SMART goals also help in an assessment of the successes of the organization, and what aspects needs to be changed to attain the EHR objectives (Amatayakul, 2012). Through SMART goal setting in EHR as well, it is evident that an implementation project is possible. After setting the goals, the implementation process becomes easier since a follow up program is easily drawn. The set goals are also practical in a way that the expectations are already set and all support mechanisms are enacted so as to achieve the goals (Amatayakul, 2012). Simply put, the SMART goals setting in EHR has been credited with the ability to increase efficiency in the clinical setting as well as patient care (Amatayakul, 2012). However, challenges such as lack of proper follow up hinder a successful realization of the application of SMART goal setting in the clinical

The Organisational Structure Of Jaguar Management Essay

The Organisational Structure Of Jaguar Management Essay Jaguar over the last decade has been over taken by Ford, who have invested considerable in to to the Jaguar / Ford strategy to become the number one automative company in the world. Jaguar used WCT (world class timing) or WCP (world class process) but now have invested considerable in FPDS (Ford Product Development System). Which will reduce the time from concept to the customer. With the advent of the supplier development and closer relationship between the supplier and the customer, it has resulted in more suitable and cost effective processes and materials been selected early on in the programme, which is resulting in Jaguar investing in more techniques and processes to maintain its competitive edge and maintain existing hold in certain markets. In this report I will be discussing the corporate level, business level and manufacturing level strategy used within Jaguar/Ford. I will also be addressing the following questions : Current and Future impact on the organisation Tools and tecniques used to analysy the various strategies used How these strategies affect the upstream and downstream customer or supplier within the supplier chain What actual part my colleagues and I play in formulating and achieing the company goals and objectives Possible improvements in the implemtation or formulation of any ofthe companies strategies  £10000 would I i What is the organisational structure of Jaguar ? I will also discuss the possibility of investing  £10,000 in to the company, look into the future trends and analyse the methods employed at Jaguar. I will conclude by reviewing my findings. 1.2 Background To illustrate the principles of Manufacturing Strategy. I have selected the Jaguar Cars Limited, for which I am project engineer in Electrical Engineering. As Project engineer of the security system team in the body systems department at Jaguar Cars Limited, Whitley, Coventry. My role and responsibility as Project engineer, consist of various task and project every year. One of many projects under my control is the security system project. This consists of selecting new suppliers, working out roles and responsibilities, setting up meetings/presentations, liaisons with various tier one and tier two suppliers, setting targets for various attributes and setting up training for staff in my team. The current security system products are supplied by Megamos. Jaguar and Megamos relationship first started in 1982, when Megamos supplied Jaguar with a security system for the XJS vehicle. This consisted of a security ECU, remote transmitters and security sounders. Megamos headquarters is based in Germany but they have set up a site close to Jaguar cars to build on this close relationship as required in a supplier development programme. Megamos are a subsidiary of a larger group called Delphi and Textron. In November 1989, Ford acquired Jaguar cars Ltd. This has helped Jaguar to reduce its number of 1st tier supplier from 420 to 350, with the Ford 2000 initiative this will be reduced further, this has also helped in more common product and processes being used on both Jaguar and Ford car lines. The FPDS process is the first all new common process to be used at Jaguar and Ford simultaneously, this will help Jaguar and Ford to reduce the development cycle from concept to customer. Ford 2000 means that we need to invest in initiative that will reduce development cycle time, to increase productivity and variability of our product range. This should result in more common parts, product and processes being used across the works, with the implementation of FPDS we have started to see the results. CHAPTER TWO 2.1 Objective Ford / Jaguar Stratgies : The objective of the reprt is to evaluate FORD / JAGUAR strategy. I will be evaluating the company Mission Sttement and Comany Histiory as an overview. Tis will then be followed by a critical analysis using the SWOT matrix, PORTERs five factors and other Hills 5 step approach showinfg the inter-relationship between stratgies. FORD / JAGUAR VISION CHANGES GOING ON THROUGHOUT THE COMPANY: Each of you, have the means and opportunity to positively impact Fords quest for world-wide leadership. Our goal is to be the worlds leading automotive company. We at Ford face a challenging and exciting future. In the fall of 1994, we began a dramatic global reorganization called Ford 2000. Since that time, we have changed our structure and processes to become more efficient and responsive to the customer globally, and will continue to do so into the future. FORD 2000 STRATEGIES When we launched Ford 2000, we developed 7 strategies that are key to our success. It should be noted that, empowered people is at the top. We believe empowered employees, making decisions every day are instrumental in achieving our goals. GLOBALIZATION Ford Automotive Operations (FAO), developed as part of Ford 2000 combines our operations around the world into a single, global structure. FAO was established by combining north american automotive operations, Ford of europe, international automotive operations and the automotive components group. At the heart of FAO are the 3 vehicle centers. These centers each have worldwide responsibility for the processes and systems that contribute to a vehicles product development, manufacturing, supply and sales activities. While design and manufacturing are centralized, marketing and sales operations will remain localized locally managed, sensitive and responsive to the needs of customers and dealers. We will become a global organization for collecting the voice of the customer from various markets and sources, to ensure that voice is well-represented within the vehicle centers. ALEX TROTMAN QUOTE Alex trotman, our C.E.O. and clearly the leader of the companys globalization initiative, has said, to survive and prosper in the future, we cannot maintain the status quowe want to be the best in the world; not second best, not third best, the best. Our Ford 2000 reorganization strategies will make us the worlds leading automotive company. FORD CUSTOMER SERVICE DIVISION The Ford customer service division are shaping themslves to become the customer service satisfaction leaders. FPSD TO FCSD Several years ago we transformed the Ford Parts Service Division (FPSD) into the activity it is today, the Ford Customer Service Division (FCSD), the companys voice of the customer. Notice the subtle but obvious change? The word customer. We took a look at ourselves and asked where we wanted to focus our efforts and resources over the long term. We decided we wanted to be recognized as a leader in customer satisfaction. However; before we could start on this change journey, we had to develop a vision of what we wanted to be and a mission which would help us get there. VISION AND MISSION OUR VISION IS: To provide owners of Ford motor company vehicles or Jaguar Cars Limited an ownership experience that is so good, they will buy again and tell others how great it is to own a Ford or Jaguar product. OUR MISSION IS: We are the companys principal source of customer support and vehicle service. Our mission, in partnership with related company activities, is to improve continuously both our own and Ford and Jaguar dealers ability and commitment to provide superior customer service. The owners of our vehicles will determine our success. Simple statements, challenging tasks. Do you agree? DRIVERS OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION In order to help us focus our attack, we comissioned extensive research and determined that the drivers of customer satisfaction came down to three elements: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ 58% of a customers total satisfaction is related to the vehicle itself. Interestingly, our research pointed out that FCSD can affect 18% points of that number because of our involvement with providing quality parts for the vehicle; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ 21% of customer satisfaction is influenced by the sales experience, and. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ the final 21% is influenced by the service experience. Within the service sector, repairing the vehicle correctly on the first visit, termed fix-it-right-the-first-time contributed to 42% of the customers service satisfaction while customer handling practices accounted for 40%. So, in total, we established that FCSD contributes to 39% of the factors that drive customer satisfaction. KEY STRATEGIES There are 4 key strategies that support our strategic thrusts: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Working With Dealers To Improve Fix-It-Right-The-First-Time-On-Time Capabilities (FIRFTOT). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Maintaining a field focus (dealer support customer handling) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Support of the upstream engineering process à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ maintaining a focus on a quicker service fix process FIRFTOT AND FIELD FOCUS INITIATIVES Improving dealer firtftot capabilities field focus As I mentioned earlier, repairing a vehicle correctly on the first visit is the primary driver of service satisfaction. The rapid advancement of technology incorporated into our vehicles has improved our quality and reliability but has challenged the dealers ability to keep up. Providing ongoing support as it relates to training employees, attracting and retaining quality personnel and establishing sound business practices to better handle customers are among the dealers priorities. Several recent initiatives have been launched that will mutually benefit the dealer and customer base simultaneously: The FCSD field reorganization, completed last year, revolutionized the level of support afforded dealers. The MARKET AREA TEAM APPROACH PROVIDES THE DEALER WITH MORE DIRECT COMPANY SUPPORT BY: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Placing a larger percentage (82%) of our field office personnel in dealer contact roles; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ establishing specialized dealer contact teams with defined roles; and. . . à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ placing our most experienced managers in consultative, leadership roles (doms) to improve dealer operations. REGION TO DEALER SURVEY RESULTS Our dealers have recognized this effort by showing significant increases in satisfaction with Ford customer satisfaction support. Another milestone accomplishment involving dealer support is the fordstar distance learning system. Currently, we are approaching 100% participation. The entire dealership network, 5000 dealers in the united states will be fordstar capable. We have committed to regular programming to support their technical and non-technical training needs. This initiative has been greeted with strong dealer support since dealers can now receive interactive training (sales, service, technical) and communicate with the company without leaving the dealership. Long-term, these initiatives will undoubtedly have a continuous and positive impact on customer satisfaction and owner loyalty. UPSTREAM ENGINEERING QUICKER SERVICE FIX I will now discuss an area where we have made significant improvement, upstream engineering and establishing a quicker service fix process. The upstream engineering process will prove to be a competitive advantage in that it allows us to build quality into future designs. As part of the upstream engineering process at Ford: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Fcsd personnel have been co-located on forward -year design teams where they interpret field data, serve as the voice of the customer and have a measurable impact on overall quality; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ we also assigned these co-located employees with the task of developing an affordable service structure while improving the field serviceability of our product. Thereby, holding technology in check. While upstream is proactive, we must still be positioned to react to problems as they occur. Thats where quicker service fix initiatives come into play. Our goal is to resolve service problems within 90 days of their assignment to engineering. We currently achieve this standard around 72% of the time, but we are trending in the right direction. We will accept nothing short of 100% on this important area. Last year, in support of this standard, we added fcsd members to each of the plant vehicle teams to improve resolution time and become more proactive: the role of pvt members involves: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Analysis of current vehicles and identification of component problems à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ interpretation of quality to promote quick problem resolution à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ representation of the voice of the customer at the production level Each strategy and initiative I discussed with you will contribute to quality improvements. But no more than fcs 2000 and policy deployment combined. Fcs 2000 contains the infrastructure which will allow us to align with the objectives of Ford 2000, while policy deployment will align objectives toward common goals and promote focus throughout the organization. Most of you have heard or read about Ford 2000, the largest reengineering project ever undertaken by a major corporation. Im pleased to say that we are beginning to see the results of this important initiative with products like the expedition where the use of common components (54%) control cost, quality levels are world class and it was designed and delivered in 37 months. This is only a start, now let me show you how our globalization initiative, known as fcs 2000 aligns with Ford 2000. FORD 2000 ENTERPRIZE MODEL On the Ford 2000 enterprize model, after sales service is the term that relates to fcs 2000. Let me start out by defining what aftersales service means to us. . . It is not about repairing problems on vehicles after they are sold, it is about designing quality and serviceability into our vehciles upstream so the problems never occur in the first place. However, this is where the real work begins. Once the majority of reactionary problems have been eliminated, we must then provide each of our customers , world wide, with consistent, world class service experience so they remain loyal to us long-term. When i refer to consistency, I like to use an analogy which relates to mcdonalds restaurants. . . [add lib mcdonalds consitent quality from chicago to cologn] FCS 2000 MANAGEMENT SYSTEM This model displays the four process groups which make up the global and regional organizations under fcs 2000. Briefly. . . Business development will focus on working with dealers to improve competitiveness and customer focused practices in order to capture a higher percentage of the service business. Parts supply and logistics will consistently deliver the right part to the dealership, on time and at a price the customer is willing to pay. Technical support will provide a single, accurate, timely and common technical information process worldwide. Vehicle service and programs will be developing upstream engineering processes which will consistently design quality and serviceability into the vehicle and when a problem occurs, it will be handled in a timely and customer driven manner. This global structure I just reviewed will impact the 5 regions which make up the global fcsd. They include north america, europe, south america, asia-pacific, and export. This structure will allow us to think globally, but act locally. Much of what we still must achieve requires extensive cultural change throughout fcsd. CUSTOMER SERVICE CULTURE INITIATIVE By benchmarking industry leaders in customer satisfaction the customer assistance center has developed a customer service culture initiative. There are three key areas to this initiative: Customer service philosophy transform customer service from a department to an attitude, embraced by all employees! Revised new employee orientation stress the importance of customer service on day one with you our new employees. Continuous reinforcement daily team meetings focusing on the importance of customer service and best practices. By establishing customer service as a way of life, the customer assistance center will help drive our goal to be the worlds leading automotive company. Additional details of this important initiative will be covered later this afternoon. DIVERSITY AWARENESS A key driver in culture transformation is diversity! What is diversity in the work place? It includes all the differences that define us as unique individuals. Differences such as: culture, ethnicity, race, gender, nationality, age, religion, disability, sexual orientation, education, experiences, opinions, and beliefs are just some of the distinctions that each of us bring to the workplace. By understanding, respecting and valuing these differences, we can capitalize on the benefits that diversity brings to the company. The entire staff within the customer assistance center have attended a diversity awareness session. Eeryone in the organisation has attended a session during there level 1 training process. The company wide roll-out was completed by the end of 1997. By valuing diversity, we will be better equiped to meet the challenges presented by global competition. This challenge seems to have been embraced by most of the employees within the organisation. We must also work together as a team to achieve and sustain a competitive advantage that will make us rise above our competition. PLAYING TO WIN That means having a playing to win versus playing not to lose attitude. when you play to win: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ you are focused on being number 1, not number 2 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ you are willing to take risks, try new things that will yield the big rewards On the other hand, people who play not to lose are: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ satisfied with being the close follower à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ focused on playing it safe à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Reliant on what you know worked before We, at Ford customer service division, are definitely playing to win! We have embraced that winning philosophy and developed the Ford corporate culture, known as winning together. Ford places a premium on sharing best practices, recognition of effort, and the setting of stretch targets. All are required to foster a winning together culture within an organization. You are joining Ford motor company at one of the most exciting times in history. As you move through your career, you will be influenced by its history, but you dont have to be constrained by it. JACK WELCH  [1]   Id like to believe we are practicing what Jack Welch, chairman of General Electric and the dynamic force behind General Electrics renewal, has been preaching. His 3 operating principles sum up what we are trying to achieve with our entire strategic change and reorganization process: STRETCH Using dreams to set business targets with no real idea of how to get there. If you know how to get there, its not a stretch target. SPEED Allowing us to shift the center of gravity of the company. only the most productive companies are going to win SHARED VALUES- Piercing the walls of 100-year-old fiefdoms and empires called finance, engineering, marketing, and gathering teams from all those functions in one room, with one shared coffee pot, one shared vision, and one consuming passion As the leaders of tomorrow, you must embrace stretch, speed and shared values. All three will be critical in our fast-paced global marketplace. I talked a great deal about change. And you will hear even more about the importance of change, embracing change and leading change as globalization progresses. Why is all of this so important? DR. GOLDSBERRY QUOTE  [2]   Because our future is not secured by what we did in the past, or even what we are doing at the presentno matter how great that was or is. We have to change strategically and continuously if we are to be a global leader. Without strategic change, we will only be able to watch our competitors achieve the goals and rewards that we seek. I challenge each of you to value our customers and think strategically, to stretch your thinking and goals, and to be proud that you are an employee of Ford motor company. 2.2 Mission Statements Fords Mission Stement Jaguars Mission Staements Which Corporate strategy is right for Jaguar Cars Limited ? There are five possible steady state (that is, non -emergency) corporate strategies. Strategic Thinkers ANSOFF, H. IGOR Russian American engineer, mathematician, military strategist and operations researcher. The model assumes that the purpose of a firm is to maximise long term profitability (return on investment) and then gives a host of checklists and charts for deriving objectives, assessing SYNERGY between different parts of the firm (functions and businesses), appraising the firms COMPETENCE profile and deciding how to expand ( how to diversify, how to assess whether entry to an industry likely to give the desired ROI, whether to acquire or go for organic growth, and how to weight alternatives taking into account a large number of highlighted factors. He stresses the need for a common thread for all a companys businesses if it is to add value to them. The ANSOFF MATRIX is definitely a useful framework for considering expansion into new areas. The ANSOFF MATRIX shown below gives 4 options for increasing sales. The Ansoff Matrix for business development 4 3 New Market 2 1 Existing Existing New Product Arrow indicates increasing risk BOX 1, selling more of existing products in existing markets, is a low risk, market share gain strategy. To be useful, this must specify how this objective is to be attained, for example by enlarging the sales force, increasing advertising or cutting price. The XK8 / XKR was the first times in over a decade Jaguar started to advertise its product range, it increased its sales force in all the markets especially in Germany and the United states. BOX 2, implies product development to sell new (or modified) products to existing customers : fine as long as the firm has a good track record of product development and provided the new product share enough costs and skills with the existing products, and do not face a very strong incumbent competitor ( see also adjacent segment). This is when Jaguar introduced the XKR the supercharged version of the XK8, the sales plan predicted sales of up to 15000 units per annum but it sold in excess of 5000 units, due to our track record and existing products sharing cost. BOX 3, takes existing products and sells them to new markets or customers. This is clearly sensible if the new markets can be cultivated at relatively little extra cost, but can be risky if a new market requires investment in fixed cost (for example, a new salesforce), if the customers have different requirements, or if there are entrenched competitors. BOX 4, new products to new markets is the highest risk strategy : the segments being entered are not adjacent to the existing business and it is almost like starting a new business from scratch. The presumptions that Box 4 strategies are inherently unsound and should only be taken either in desperation or because there is a compelling short term opportunity not being exploited by others. PORTER, MICHAEL Porter defines two kinds of competitive advantages : Low cost, or differentiation. He places a firm in the context of its industry (see PORTERS FIVE COMPETITIVE FORCES) and identifies the firms own value chain (all the ways it adds value from start to finish by activity) systematically. Porter Competitive strategy codified how to gain competitive advantage. His analysis suggests four diagnostic components of looking at any specific competitor : (1) Future Goals: what are they trying to achieve, including their ambitions in terms of market leadership and technology : (2) Assumptions : how does the competitor perceive himself, and what assumptions does he make about the industry and his competition ? (3) Current Strategy ; and (4) Opportunities : what do they think they have ? Armed with this framework, one can then construct scenarios about competitors possible reactions to any action by ones firm. Porters five competitive forces Porter was an innovator in structural analysis of markets, which previously, even with BCG (Boston Consulting Group) , tended to focus largely on direct competition in the industry, without looking systematically at the context in other stages of the industry VALUE CHAIN. Porters five forces to analyse are : Threat of potential new entrants Threat from substitutes using different technology Bargaining power of customers Bargaining power of suppliers Competition amongst existing suppliers. The interactions amongst the five forces are shown below. From this porter builds a useful model of industry attractiveness and how this might change over time, both because of objective economic changes and also because of the ambitions of the players themselves. Michael Porters Five Competitive Forces Potential New entrants Threat from new entrants Competitors in the industry Bargaining Power Suppliers Bargaining Power Customers Competition among exising companies Threat from substitutes Substitutes Jaguar History .. .. . .. .. .. . . .. . . Within the automotive industry there is a trend towards, only five six major players within this field. The customers voice is been heard and been acted upon. There has been a tread towards more customers wanting luxury vehicles and this segment is growing very fast and all projected figures show that this tread will continue. This is one of the drives behind the set up of the new Luxury vehicle team Premier automotive Group being set up by Ford and Jaguar. The premier automotive group is made up of Jaguar, Aston Martin, Volvo and Lincoln. It is envisaged that together, these four brands will ensure that Ford will progressively become a leading force in the global luxury car market. This is being headed by Dr Wolfgang Reitzle, who was previously the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) at BMW. A key qualifier and undoubtedly an order winner for Jaguar is the brand image, the image of quality , wood finish and leather seats. Dr Reitzle stated we need to continue our commitment to become th e worlds leading consumer company for automotive products and services  [3]  and Jaguar, Aston Martin, Lincoln and Volvo are powerful brands and by grouping them in this way it allows us to bring a laser-like focus to these products and also allows us to preserve the diversity of these vehicles in terms of customer appeal and cultural heritage. The objective of the Premier Automotive Group will be to develop strategies to leverage and grow our premium and global brands. Driven by the statement .. to always meet or exceed the customers needs Jaguars strategy has been geared towards providing the customer with surprise and delight features. This direction is a major contributor to higher gross sales and profit. This is clearly shown in Jaguar sales as it reached 50,000 units for the first time in its history. How will this strategy affect downstream and upstream companies in the supply chain ? Jaguar strategy in terms of offering a vehicle with individual style and elegance is the way forward in the luxury market segment. A supercharged Jaguar is one vehicle that was under estimated by sales and market and the press, but as soon as it hit the market it was such a success Jaguars downstream supplier were unable to keep up with the demand. It was predicted to sale only 1500 units but it actual sold in excess of 5000 units. In order to implement this strategy greater investment is required along with training and developing the skill base, the core competence both from within the group and buying in expertise. A recent example of this has been expanding the veneer workshop and carrying out all the work in-house, were as at one stage this work was going to be out sourced for the S-type. Down stream the subcontractors reaction has been understandably negative. Jaguar and Ford only use Q1, QS9000, ISO14001 approved supplier for all its components and parts. This will no doubt result in larger price increases as supplier try and achieve there customers goals. SWOT Analysis STRENGTHS Good training / education programmes Good communication : weekly or daily feedback Broad customer base Brand image nd heritage High quality Potential for Growth internally and externally Good team work and support from other platforms or car lines WEAKNESSES Loss of customer goodwill low resale value Under resourced Information systems weak too many new electronic process that have not been fully de-bug Limited product range Delivery times gon average >90 days OPPORTUNITIES Expansion of core business Many more product lines (e.g. X400, X350 etc.) Joint customer supplier development New territory For more X-car line features or functions THREATS Mergers Premim Automative Group BMW Globalisation strategy of customers, especially customer wants and needs Shorter times from concept to market from our competitors. The SWOT analysis clearly highlights the overall position of the company in the market place. Jaguars future strategy can clearly derived from the strengths and opportunities available. Jaguars long history for providing the customers with a vehicle with an individual style, quality wood finish and leather and at a price a customer is willing to pay is defiantly a strength that will lead it to achieve or exceed it corporate strategiy for the future and meet all the future business plans (business strategies) for the next decade. The opportunities that are available to Jaguar suggest that heavy investment and process competence would allow it to focus on its customer base also allow for the provision of supplying more variety of vehicles to the customers. Although this clearly highlights w